Margo's Magical Letter Page
Margo's Magical Letter Page
/S/ Phonesthemes which are Common to both Languages
Shake
Shake
Norwegian, initial -- shake (dance), sjalte (switch on/off), sjangle (stagger,
sway), sjevre/sjever (flap, quiver), sjoge (roar, swish -- said of water),
sjokk-e (shock, swish), sjuske (swish), sjø (wave, ocean), skimle
[omkring] (scurry around), skjelle (rattle, cold wind), skjelv-e (shake),
skjen-e (swerve), skjær-e (swerve), skjørpe (snort), skyll
(wave), skyndel (shuttle), skyttel (shuttle)
Norwegian, final -- vinsj (winch)
English, initial -- chinook, shake, shamble, shatter, shift, shimmer,
shimmy, shinny, shiver, shock, shrivel, shrug, shudder, shuffle, shuttle
English, final -- brush, lash, swash, swish, swoosh, thrash, thresh, whish,
whoosh
Norwegian kj -- kik (whoop (cough), twist), kikne
(get a kink), kikse (play marbles), kile (bowling, push, elbow), kink (kink),
kinks (toss of head), kiper (twill), kippe (toss, bink), kise (wink), kjappe
(row), kjeng (cramp), kjøve (choke), kyngje (have trouble swallowing),
kyrkje (pinch in the throat), kyrkne (get caught in the throat), kyve (bend
down) (tend to involve a collision, a non-repetitive
twist or kink, or coughing)
English ch -- flinch, twitch, winch, wrench (similar
to a phonestheme for a bend or crouch which applies only in final position:
cinch, clench, clinch, crouch, crunch, crutch, haunch, hunch, retch, scrunch,
slouch)
Change
Norwegian, initial -- shunt (electronics), sjalte (switch on/off), sjokk-e
(shock), skift/e (change, shift), skjekte (bend out of position)
English, initial -- shake, shatter, shift, shock, shunt
English ch -- change, check, choice, choose, chuck; branch, switch
Fuzzy
Norwegian, initial -- sjoddi (reclaimed
wool), skjegg (beard), skjerm (umbel)
Norwegian, final -- tusj (magic marker)
English, initial -- chaparral, shag, shrub
English, final -- brush, bush, mesh, mustache
Norwegian kj -- (similar
to the phonestheme for 'forest, bundle of grasses or sticks': kippe (bundle
of sticks), kjemme (bale of hay), kjepp (spoke), kjerr (dense forest), kjerre
(grove), kjerv (sheaf), kjos (grove))
English ch -- (The closest equivalent in 'ch' is chafing:
chafe, chap, chip)
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Tracks and Walking
Track
Norwegian, initial -- shunt (shunt), sjakt,
ski (ski), skift (between two resting spots), skinne (rail, splint)
English, initial -- chute, shaft, shoulder, shunt
Norwegian kj -- (similar
to the phonestheme for 'chain': kjede (chain), kjepp (bridge), kjerrat (water
wheel), kjetting (chain))
English ch -- stitch (similar to the phonestheme for
'chain' -- discrete steps in linear order: chain, chapter, check, chop,
chug; cinch, crutch, inch, march, notch, stitch, winch)
Walking
Norwegian, initial -- sjabbe (shuffle,
plod), sjaske (slosh), sjokke (shuffle)
Norwegian, final -- marsj (march)
English, initial -- shuffle
English, final -- mush, slosh
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Breakage, Dysfunction
Concerning Destruction
Norwegian, initial -- skiple (disturb), skjemme (ruin), skjende (damage,
rape), skjolde (discolor), skjære [oppleget s- seg] (break down),
skjørne (decay), skyte (shoot), skyts (artillery)
Norwegian, final -- crasj
English, initial -- shamble, shard, shatter, shell, shingle, shiver,
shoot, shot, shred, shuffle
English, final -- bash, crash, crush, dash, hash, mash, mush, plash, quash,
smash, smush, squash, squish, thrash, thresh, vanquish
English ch -- chuck; blotch, botch, breach, crunch, lynch, quench, scratch,
scrunch, smirch, splotch, squelch, torch, wrench
Sharp
Norwegian, initial -- shovel (dozer), skjerding (chimney hook), skjere/skyru
(sickle), skjerpe (sharpen)
English, initial -- shaft, shard, shark, sharp, shatter, shave, shear,
sheer, sheet, shell
Norwegian kj -- kjøl (keel)
English ch -- (the most similar 'ch' class express
the opposite of the 'sharpness' of the blade. They express the 'notch' or
'chip' which results from cutting: chaff, chink, chip, chock, chunk; arch,
crotch, notch)
Cutting
Norwegian, initial -- shovel (dozer), sjeide (separate rock), skie (kindling),
skill-e/skjell (split), skisma (schism), skive (slice), skived (kindling),
skjere/skyru (sickle), skjerp (mining prospect), skjær-e (cut), skjølp
(gouge)
English, initial -- shave, shear
English, final -- gash, hash, lash, slash
Norwegian kj -- kjakse (cut unevenly), kjangle (hack),
kylle (cut tops of trees) (very imprecise compared
to 'sj')
English ch -- champ, chew, chink, chip, chisel, chomp, chop, chow, chuck,
chug, chunk, churn; brunch, crunch, etch, munch, scotch, scratch
(much more emphasis on individual repeated
chopping motions)
Bad, Shoddy
Norwegian, initial -- shabby (shabby), sjaber (poor, sickly), sjask (negligence),
sjofel (contemptible), sjuk (sick), sjur (wretched), sjusk (negligence),
skeis (good-for-nothing), skeivne (become distorted), skitne (make dirty),
skitt (dirt), skjelm (scoundrel), skjøge (prostitute)
English, initial -- charlatan, schlep, schlimazel, schlock, schmaltz,
schmuck, schnook, shabby, shack, sham, shamble, shanty, shed, shicksa, shit,
shabby, shoddy, shuck, shuffle
Norwegian kj -- keitet (clumsy), keiv (backwards),
kilen (unstable), kjakse (cut unevenly), kjeltring (scoundrel), kjetter
(heretic), kjøter (bastard)
English ch -- cheap, cheat, check, chink, chintz/y, chump, churl; bitch,
blotch, botch, butch, glitch, grouch, hitch, pinch, wench, witch, wretch
_____________________________________________________________________________
Shout
Shout, Call
Norwegian, initial -- skinger (sharp -- of a voice), skjerp (bird cry),
skjær (piercing), skjell-e (scold), skjemme (scold), skjenn-e (scold)
English, initial -- shofar, shoo, shout, shriek, shrew, shrill
Norwegian kj -- kille (goat call), kime (ring), kyngje
(vibrate, be heard at intervals) (lower pitched
than 'sj')
English ch -- screech
Exclamations of Silence, Dismissal
Norwegian, initial -- sj, skitt [au] (the hell with)
Norwegian, final -- esj, hysj, isj, pysj, sj, æsj
English, initial -- sh, shit, shoo, shove(it), shucks, shush, shut(up)
English, final -- balderdash, bosh, dash, hush, pish, sh, shush, tush
English ch -- chao, cheerio, cheer/s ('ch' terms are cheerful, 'sj' terms are not)
_____________________________________________________________________________
Sheet
Sheet
Norwegian, initial -- shelf (continental-), shingel (roofing), sjagreng
(variety of leather), sjaktel (flattened cardboard box), sjalott (shallot),
sjampignon (mushroom), sjikt (layer), sjingel (shingle hair style), skifer
(slate), skift (mur), skilt (sign), skimle (board used to chase herring
into the net), skinn (skin), skive (slice, dial, clock face), skjell (shell,
flake), skjellakk (shellac), skjerm (screen), skjold (shield), skjød
(lap), skjøt (bandana), skjå (membrane from a cow's stomach),
skygg (veil), skyffel (snow shovel)
English, initial -- chamois, champignon, shale, shallot, sheaf, sheath,
sheen, sheer, sheet, shelf, shell, shellac, shield, shingle, shovel, shred,
shutter
English, final -- dish, flesh, mesh, sash
Small
Norwegian, initial -- sjelden (seldom), sjur (slow), skjerde (deplete, diminish)
English, initial -- short, shrimp, shrink, shrivel, shy
Norwegian kj -- (Similar
to a phonestheme for slowness and quietness: kei (tired), kjede (bore),
kjøve (slow down), kyrr (still, quiet), kysk (chaste), kile [seg
ut] (taper off))
English ch -- child; zilch
Bit
Norwegian, initial -- sjeide (separate rock), sjetong (game token), skimle
(dappled -- horses, fields), skjerm (umbel), skjerv (crushed stone, one's
share), skjold (spots)
English, initial -- shade, shake, shard, share, shave, shire, shock,
shot, shred
English ch -- chip, chunk; inch, pinch, scratch, snatch, snitch, stitch,
swatch
_____________________________________________________________________________
Gush, Brash
Gush
Norwegian, initial -- sjode (seethe), sjoge (roar, swish -- said of water),
sjy (juice from cooked meat), skjenk-e (pour), skylle (rinse)
Norwegian, final -- dusj (shower)
English, initial -- shower
English, final -- douche, flash, flush, goosh, gush, plash, slosh, splash,
swash, wash
English ch -- drench (resultative, unlike the 'sj')
Rush
Norwegian, initial -- shunt (electronics), schwung (pzazz), skeid (horse
race), skeise (skate), skimle [omkring] (scurry around), skjen-e (stampede),
skjær-e (zoom), skynde (hurry, rush), skyss-e (convey), skyte (zoom,
shoot)
English, initial -- shoo, shoot, shunt, shuttle
English, final -- brash, dash, flash, rash, rush
Norwegian kj -- kjapp (quick), kjekk (daring), kjøn
(quick, wise), kjør (all at once) (quick
vs. 'sj' fast: seem to involve a perfectiveness, whereas 'sj' seems more
imperfective)
English ch -- champ, charge, chase; launch, lurch, pitch (verbs
of motion containing 'ch' nearly all involve some difficulty: champ, chug,
or they are inchoative)
Smart
Norwegian, initial -- sharper (shrewd person), skjelm (trick), skjerpe (hone
up on), skjønn (understanding)
English, initial -- charades, charlatan, chicane, schmuck, schnook,
shade/y, sham, shanghai, shark, sharp, shift/y, shrewd, sure (to
a much great extent imply shallowness or insincerity)
Norwegian kj -- kjøn (quick, wise) (closest 'kj' root involves intuition or feeling rather
than intelligence: kjenne, kjensle... 'kj' a little deeper)
English ch -- (closest 'ch' root is not about intelligence,
but teaching: coach, preach, teach)
Shine
Norwegian, initial -- show (show), sjå (cattle show), skildre (depict),
skilt-e (post a sign), skimmer (shimmer), skinn-e (shine), skir (gleam,
sheen), skisse (sketch), skjær (gleam), skyndel (torch)
English, initial -- chimera, sheen, sheer, shimmer, shine, show
English Final -- flash
Norwegian kj -- kjerte (candle), kjone (drying house),
kylje (burn a coal), kylne (kiln for grain), kyndel (torch) ('sj' centers more around light, and 'kj' around heat)
English ch -- char; parch, poach, scorch, torch (there's
another close 'ch'class that concerns whitening: blanch, bleach)
Intensity, Brash
Norwegian, initial -- schwung (pzazz), skita (completely), skjerpe (intensify),
skjær [ren og] (complete) (tend to imply
intensity or completeness)
English, initial -- shark, sharp, sheer, shine, shock, sure (tend to imply brazenness)
English, final -- abash, brash, flush, fresh, harsh, panache, rash
Norwegian kj -- kilo (kilo), kjempe (giant), kjenne/lig
(considerable), kjør (all at once) (tend
to imply large size or quantity)
English ch -- chair, champ, champion, charge, cheese, chief, chock, choice,
choke, chubby, chunk; bunch, much, peach, quench, rich, starch, stretch,
such
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Shelter
Shack
Norwegian, initial -- shop (store), sjanti (shanty), sjapp (dive), skjå
(shack)
English, initial -- chalet, chateau, shack, shaft, shanty, shed,
shelter, shop, shrine
English, final -- cache, crèche
Norwegian kj -- kiosk (stand), kylne (drying shed)
English ch --
Shadow, Shade
Norwegian, initial -- sky (cloud), skygge (shade), skym (dark)
English, initial -- chaparral, shade, shadow, shroud, shrub, shutter
Norwegian kj -- (closest
'kj' words imply coolness)
English ch --
Shepherd
Norwegian, initial -- sheriff (police), sherpa (Tibetan), sjah (shah), sjef
(chief)
English, initial -- chaperon, shah, shaman, sheik, shepherd, sheriff,
sherpa, shogun, shrink
English, final -- mensch
English ch -- chair, charge, cheese, chief
Cloth
Norwegian, initial -- sjagreng (variety of leather), sjal (shawl), sjeviot
(cheviot), sjevrå (leather), sjirting (cloth binding for a book),
sjoddi (reclaimed wool), skjerf (skarf), skjorte (shirt), skjøt (bandana,
coattail), skygge (visor)
English, initial -- chamois, chapeau, chemise, chiffon, shag, shawl,
sheer, shirt, shoe, shroud
English, final -- mesh, sash
English ch --
Catch, Hold
Norwegian, initial -- shop (store), sjakre (barter), sjapp (shop), skei/skje
(spoon), sjakk (check -- in chess), sjakkel (shackle), sjaktel (flattened
cardboard box), sjalte [inn] (insert), sjekk (check), skimle (fish for herring),
skjede (sheath), skjefte (rifle stock), skjerding (chimney hook), skjerp
(mining prospect), skjøt (joint, deed of conveyance), skjøt
(rope that holds a sail), skyffel (snow shovel), skyte (contribute)
Norwegian, final -- lunsj (lunch), stasj (stash)
English, initial -- shackle, shut, shutter
English, final -- ambush, cash, fish, lash, leash, mesh, stash
Norwegian kj -- keip (oarlock), kibb (container for
hoisting), kiltre (catch up skirt), kingel (spider(web)), kinn (chin), kipe
(basket), kippe (catch fish), kiste (fish trap), kjake (jaw), kjeft (mouth),
kjeks (fishing hook), kjel (kettle), kjenge (wooden drinking bowl), kjer
(tub), kjerre (wagon, car), kjeske (crave), kjeve (mandible), kjoks (chuck
of a drill), kjose (choose), kjørel (vessel), kjøve (ice dam)
(includes a phonestheme for the mouth/jaw)
English ch -- chain, check, cheek, chin, chop/s; beach, catch, cinch, clench,
clinch, clutch, fetch, filch, hatch, hitch, latch, leach, leech, milch,
patch, pinch, pitch, snatch, snitch, stitch, winch, wrench
Other Shelter
Norwegian, initial -- shingel (roofing), skifer (slate roofing), skinn (skin),
skjell (shell), skjellakk (shellac), skjelm (seed pod), skjerm (screen),
skjold (shield), skjød (bosom of the family), sky (cloud)
English, initial -- sheaf, sheath, shelf, shell, shield, shin, shingle,
shuck, sure
English, final -- galosh, macintosh, niche
English ch -- church, coach, conch, ditch, hutch, trench
_____________________________________________________________________________
Leaving
Departure
Norwegian, initial -- shunt (electronics), sjabbe [av sted] (plod off),
sjakt, sjalte [ut] (remove, shunt), sjalupp (life raft), sjampo (shampoo),
sjeide (separate rock), sjenere (embarrass, make uncomfortable), skeie [ut]
(dismiss), skeine (deviate, swerve), skille (separate), skimle (board used
to chase herring into the net), skire (baptize), skirne (clear - fluid),
skitt [au] (the hell with), skjen-e (stampede, swerve), skjerr (skittish),
skjær-e [klar av] (avoid), sky (shy, avoid), skyffel (snow shovel,
weeder), skyll-e (rinse), skynde (hurry, rush), skyss-e (send away), skyte
(send off), skyve [fra seg] (push away)
Norwegian, final -- bæsj
English, initial -- chute, shaft, shake, shalom, shampoo, shanghai,
shave, shed, shelve, shift, shiksa, ship, shirk, shit, shoo, shoot, shove,
shovel, show, shower, shrug, shuck, shun, shunt, shush, shut, shutter, shuttle,
shy
English, final -- douche, dash, flush, rush
English ch -- champ, chao, charge, cheerio, cheer/s, chill, chink, choke,
chuck; branch, ditch, hatch, launch, pitch, retch
Shut
Norwegian, initial -- sjakkel (shackle), sjalte (switch on/off), skyte [slåen]
(shut)
English, initial -- shackle, shelf, shelter, shepherd, shield, shroud,
shut, shutter
English ch -- chain, check, choke; flinch, hitch, latch, quench, stitch
_____________________________________________________________________________
Should
Desire vs. Authority, Should
Norwegian, initial -- sjau (hard work), sjekke (check), skjell-e (scold),
skjemme (scold), skjenn-e (scold)
English, initial -- chaperon, shall, sheriff, shiksa, should, shove,
shrew, shush
English, final -- wish
Norwegian kj -- kikke (criticize), kimse (scorn),
kjefte (scold), kjenne (pass a sentence)
Shame
Norwegian, initial -- sjikane (slander), skjemme (be ashamed), skjensel
(disgrace), skyld (guilt)
English, initial -- chagrin, shame, should
English, final -- blush, gosh
Shirk
Norwegian, initial -- skeie (lead a dissolute life), skyte [ansvaret fra
seg] (shirk)
English, initial -- shake, shed, shell, shelve, shirk, shrug, shuck,
shun, shunt, shut
English /S/ Phonesthemes Weakly Represented in Norwegian
Shallowness
Shallow (literal)
Norwegian, initial -- skjær (reef)
English, initial -- shallow, shave, shelf, shoal, shore, shoulder
English ch --
Shallow (figurative)
Norwegian, initial -- sjaber (poor, sickly), sjask/skjusk (negligence)
English, initial -- charades, charlatan, chic, chimera, schmaltz,
shabby, shake/y, sham, shape, sheen, sheep, shell, shimmer, shit, shoddy,
short, show, shuck, shuffle
English ch --
Shore
Norwegian, initial -- sjeté (jetty)
English, initial -- shelf, shingle, shoal, shore, shoulder
Norwegian kj -- kyst (shore)
English ch -- beach
Shelter (verb)
Norwegian, initial -- sjul-e
English, initial -- shelter, shield, shut
Lush
Norwegian, final -- plysj
English, final -- fresh, lush, plush, posh
Tricky
Norwegian, initial -- skjelm (trick)
English, initial -- charades, charlatan, chicane, schmuck, schnook,
shade/y, sham, shanghai, shark, sharp, shift/y, shrewd
Violent Contact
Norwegian, initial -- sjeide (separate rock), skyte (push), skyve (shove)
English, initial -- shoulder, shove
English, final -- ambush, bash, brush, clash, crash, crush, dash, gash,
gnash, goosh, hash, lash, mash, mush, plash, quash, slash, smash, smush,
splash, squash, squish, swash, thrash, thresh
Norwegian kj -- kikse (play marbles), kile (bowling,
push, elbow)
English ch -- champ, chew, chink, chip, chisel, chomp, chop, chow, chuck,
chug, chunk, churn; breach, brunch, crunch, lynch, munch, scrunch, torch,
wrench
Trash, Mush
Norwegian, initial -- sjask (mud), skitt (dirt)
English, initial -- shit
English, final -- ash, brash, gauche, goosh, marsh, mash, mush, rash, slosh,
slush, squash, trash
Norwegian /S/ Phonesthemes Weakly Represented in English
Distinguish
Norwegian, initial -- skille/skjelne (differentiate),
skjelle (make a difference, as in 'what difference is it to you?'), skjønn
(judgement)
Norwegian kj -- kjenne (know, feel)
English ch -- choice, choose
See
Norwegian, initial -- sjå (see),
skimt-e (glimpse), skinn (appearance), skjele (squint), skjelne (make out
-- in dark), skjære [seg ut] (distinguish oneself)
Norwegian kj -- kik (peek), kikke (peek), kikkert (telescope), kikre (look
through a telescope), kino (movie), kjeng (eye)
English ch -- search, watch
Learn
Norwegian, initial -- skeid (course), skjel
(understanding), skjønn-e (understand, 'get')
Norwegian kj -- kjenne (know, feel)
English ch -- (The closest class in English is the
inverse: coach, preach, speech, teach)
Pattern (similar to shadow)
-- sjablon (template, stereotype), skikk (convention), skjelett (skeleton),
skjema (pattern, questionnaire)
English, initial -- shape
English ch -- chart
Order -- sjekke
(check), skikk (tradition), skipe (organize), skjøtte (manage)
Norwegian kj -- kjønn (sex, gender), kynd (type), kynne (character)
English ch -- check
Happen
Norwegian, initial -- sjanse (chance),
sjøl (even though), skje (happen), skjebne (fate), skjelm [neste
gang er en ] (chance), skjær (ripe -- said of a field), skjønt
(even though)
English, initial -- shall (which is falling
away in favor of will and should)
English ch -- chance
Fun
Norwegian, initial -- schwung (pzazz), show (show), sjarm (charm), sjau
(fun), skjemt-e (banter)
English, final -- josh
Norwegian kj -- kipen (happy), kipne (gaiety), kjekk
(cheerful, hearty), kjæte (gay), kyt (boasting)
English ch -- chaff, chant, charm, chat, chatter, cheek/y, cheep, cheer,
chime, chipper, chirp, chirrup, chit, chitchat, chitter, chortle, chuckle
Slant
Norwegian, initial -- skeiv (crooked),
skjele (wandering eye), skjene (swerve), skjær (swerve), skjøns
(sideways)
Norwegian kj --kile (wedge, cuneiform), kiming (curve in sail), kjegle (cone)
English ch --
Mountain Range
Norwegian, initial -- skjerv (bare mountain
range), skjær (reef)
Norwegian kj --kinn (mountainside), kjøl (mountain ridge)
English ch -- chain
Self
Norwegian, initial -- sjel (soul), sjøl
(self), skjyld [for din] (sake)
People
Pronouns
Norwegian -- sjel
(soul), sjøl (self), skjyld [for din]
(sake)
English -- she
Contemptible People
Norwegian -- skeis (good-for-nothing), skjelm
(scoundrel), skjøge (prostitute)
English -- charlatan, schlep, schlimazel, schmuck, schnook, shark,
shiksa, shit, sheep, shrimp, shrew
Protectors
Norwegian -- sheriff (sheriff), sherpa (sherpa),
sjah (shah), sjaman (shaman), sjeik (sheik)
English -- chaperon, shadow, shah, shaman, sheik, shepherd, sheriff,
shogun, shrink
Other People
Norwegian -- dervisj, sharper (shrewd person),
sjef (chief), skipper (skipper), skjor (chatterbox)
English -- chef, dervish, skipper, sugar
Body Parts
Hard Body Parts
Norwegian -- skjelett, sjenkel
(shank)
English -- shank, shin, shell, shoulder
Norwegian -- skjede (vagina), skjå (membrane from a cow's stomach)
Clothing
Loose, Thin Clothing
Norwegian -- skjørt (skirt)
English -- chemise, shawl, sheet, shift, shimmy, shirt, shroud
Other Clothing
Norwegian -- shorts (shorts), sjakett (tails),
sjal (shawl), skjerf (skarf), skjorte (shirt)
English -- chapeau, galosh, macintosh, shade/s, shoe
Games
Norwegian -- sjakk
(chess)
English -- charades
Animals
Norwegian -- schnauzer (schmauzer), schæfer (shepherd), sjakal
(jackal), sjimpanse (chimp), sjiraff (giraffe), skjebbe (perch), skjor (magpie),
skjære (crow)
English -- chamois, chimera, shark, schnauzer, sheep, shrew, shrimp
Plants
Norwegian -- sjalott
(shallot), sjampignon (mushroom), sjasmin (jasmine)
English -- champignon, chaparral, shallot, shamrock, shrub
Plant Parts
Norwegian -- skjerm
(umbel)
English -- shoot
Food
Food with Shells or Gills
Norwegian -- sjalott, sjampignon (mushroom)
English -- champignon, schnitzel, shallot,
shrimp
Ice Cream
English -- shake, sherbet
Intoxicating
Norwegian -- hasj,
hasjisj, punsj, sherry (sherry), sjenever (Holland gin)
English -- champagne, hash, hashish, schnapps,
sherry, shine
Mixed
Norwegian -- gulasj
English -- goulash, hash, succotash
Other
Norwegian -- fromasj (cheese), sjokolade (chocolate), sjy (meat juice), skinke (ham), skjør (sour milk)
English -- licorice, radish
Materials
Cloth
Norwegian -- sjagreng (variety of leather),
sjal (shawl), sjeviot (cheviot), sjevrå (leather), sjirting (cloth
binding for a book), sjoddi (reclaimed wool), skjerf (skarf), skjorte (shirt)
English -- chamois, chemise, chiffon
Other Materials
Norwegian -- sjampo (shampoo)
English -- shale, shampoo, shellac, shingle
Vehicles
Norwegian -- shovel
(dozer), sjalupp (barge, life raft), sjark (motorboat), sjekte
(fishing boat), skip (ship)
English -- ship, shuttle
Buildings
Shacks
Norwegian -- shop (store), sjanti (shanty),
sjapp (dive), skjå (shack)
English -- shack, shed, shelter
Tools, etc.
Norwegian -- shovel
(dozer), sjakkel (shackle), skei/skje (spoon), vinsj (winch)
Weapons
Shields
Norwegian -- skjold (shield)
English -- shell, shield
Musical Instruments
English -- shofar
Color
Yellow, Brown
Norwegian -- skimle (dappled -- horses,
fields)
English -- chamois, champagne, chartreuse,
shellac, sherry
Symbols
Norwegian - sjette
(sixth), sju (seven)
English -- schwa
Units
Norwegian -- schilling/shilling
(shilling), skjeppe (old unit for measurement of grain)
English -- shot
Injury, Illness
Norwegian -- sjaber
(sick), sjuk (sick)
Shedding Illnesses
Norwegian -- skjørbuk (scurvy), skytte (plant disease)
English -- shed, shingle/s
Shaking Disorders
Norwegian -- sjokk (shock)
English -- shiver, shake, shudder, shock
Other -- skimle
(mold)
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There are few Norwegian words containing /S/ which don't fit this characterization:
1. There are two latinate suffixes containing -sj: - sjon and -asje
2. Prefinal: bresje, brosje, brosjyre, losje, drasje, drosje, esje, fiskje,
gasje, hesje, kalesje, kalosje, klisje, kortesje, kvisje, lesja, losje,
manesje, neglisje, nisje, pasje, postisj, prestisje, protesje, rikosjett,
susjett, tasjer, uskjel, øskje
3. Other roots not included in this table: beskikke, beskjed, beskjeden,
beskjeftigt/geskjeft, beskjemme, beskjenke, beskjære, depesje, dispasje,
ekvipasje, kasjmir, kaskjett, maskin, posjere, prosjekt
The number of English words which contain /S/ in contexts other than these
two are too numerous to itemize. Nearly half of them contain the suffix
-tion.